North Sumatra Province is located at 1 ° - 4 ° north latitude and 98 ° - 100 ° East Longitude, which in 2004 had 18 districts and 7 cities, and consists of 328 sub-district, North Sumatra Province as a whole has 5086 villages and 382 villages.
Provincial land area of 71,680 km 2 of North Sumatra, North Sumatra area famous for its plantations, until now, remained a plantation belle province's economy. Plantations are managed by private companies and state. North Sumatra produce rubber, cocoa, tea, palm oil, coffee, clove, coconut, cinnamon, and tobacco. Plantations are scattered in Deli Serdang, Langkat, Simalungun, Asahan, Labuhan Batu, and South Tapanuli.
These commodities have been exported to many foreign countries and contribute greatly to Indonesia.
In addition to commodities, North Sumatra is also known as a producer of horticultural commodities (vegetables and fruits); eg Medan Orange, Guava Deli, Vegetable Cabbage, Tomatoes, Potatoes, and Carrots produced by Karo, Simalungun and North Tapanuli. Horticultural products have been exported to Malaysia and Singapore.
Tribe, art and culture
Tribe
North Sumatra is a multi-ethnic province with Batak, Nias, and the Malays as the indigenous people of this region. Eastern seaboard of North Sumatra, is generally inhabited by the Malays. West coast of Barus until Christmas, many people living Minangkabau. The central region around Lake Toba, many Batak tribe who inhabited by mostly Christian. Nias island tribe in the west. Since the opening of the tobacco plantations in East Sumatra, Dutch East Indies colonial government brought many contract laborers employed on the plantation. Immigrants are mostly from ethnic Javanese and Chinese. Distribution center tribes in North Sumatra, as follows:
- Malay Deli: East Coast, especially in the district of Deli Serdang, Serdang Bedagai, and Langkat
- Karo Batak Tribe: Karo Regency
- Toba Batak tribes: North Tapanuli, Humbang Hasundutan, Toba Samosir
- Batak tribe Mandailing: Mandailing Natal
- Batak tribe Angkola: South Tapanuli and ^ Back to top
- Batak tribe Simalungun: District Simalungun
- Batak tribe Pakpak: Dairi and West Pakpak
- Interest Nias: Nias Island
- Minangkabau tribe: the city of Medan, Coal District, West Coast
- Interest Aceh: Medan
- Javanese: East & West Coasts
- Ethnic Chinese: the Urban East & West coast.
Language
Basically, a language widely used is Indonesian. Said the majority ethnic Malays Deli Indonesian because the proximity of the Malay language with the Indonesian language. Eastern coastal areas are like Bedagai Serdang, Dodek Base, Coal, Asahan, and Tanjung Balai, wearing Malay Dialect "O" as well as in Labuhan Stone with little difference in range. In the district of Langkat still use Malay Dialects "E" is often also called the language of the Maya-maya. There are still many descendants of Javanese contract (Jadel - Java Deli) that tells the Java language.
In urban areas, the ethnic Chinese Hokkien language prevalent in addition to telling the Indonesian language. In the mountains, said tribal Batak Batak language, divided into four dialects (Silindung-Samosir-Humbang-Toba). Nias language spoken by the tribes in Nias Island of Nias. While the West Coast people, such as Sibolga, Central Tapanuli, and using language Minangkabau Mandailing Natal.
Religion
The main religion in North Sumatra are:
- Islam: mainly embraced by ethnic Malays, Coastal, Minangkabau, Javanese, Acehnese, Mandailing Batak tribe, some Batak Karo, Simalungun and Pakpak
- Christian (Protestant and Catholic): mainly embraced by the tribe of Batak Karo, Toba, Simalungun, Pakpak, Mandailing and Nias
- Hindu: mainly embraced by ethnic Tamils in the urban
- Buddha: primarily embraced by the tribe urban Peranakan
- Confucius: especially embraced by the tribe urban Peranakan
- Parmalim: embraced by most of the Batak tribe based in the High Huta
- Animism: there is still embraced by the Batak tribe, namely Pelebegu Parhabonaron and trust like
Music
The music is usually played, tends to depend on traditional ceremonies are held, but more dominant with the drum. As in the Coastal Ethnic there are a series of musical instruments called Sikambang.
Architecture
In the field of art that stands out is the traditional house architecture which is a blend of the art of carving and sculpture and art crafts. Architecture of traditional houses found in various forms ornamen.Pada general form of building custom homes in Batak indigenous group represents "standing buffalo". This is more clearly by decorating the top of the roof with a buffalo head.
The traditional house of Batak tribes named Ruma Batak. Standing tall and stately, and still mostly found in Samosir.
Karo traditional house looks great and is higher compared to other traditional house. The roof made of palm fiber and is usually coupled with the roofs of the smaller triangular-called "come-come on home" and "tersek". With soaring roof layered Karo's house has a distinctive shape compared with other traditional houses that have only one layer of roofing in North Sumatra.
Form of custom homes in the area Simalungun quite attractive. Complex custom homes in the village of Ancient Causeway consists of several buildings that house Bolon, Bolon hall, drying, abstinence hall needs and mortar.
Mandailing typical building that stands out is the so-called "Bagas Tower" (home Namora Natoras) and "Sopo Godang" (hall customary deliberation).
Coastal Sibolga custom home look more stately and more beautiful than any other custom home. This custom home is still standing strong in the National House lawn Sibolga.
Dance
Traditional dance repertory includes various types. There are magical, in the form of sacred dance, and there is entertainment which is just a form of dance profane. In addition to traditional dance that is part of traditional ceremonies, sacred dances are usually danced by plaintive-datu. Including this type of dance is a dance teacher and dance tungkat. Datu menarikannya waving a magic wand called Single Panaluan.
Profane dance social dance is usually young people who danced at the party happy. Tortor there who danced at the wedding. Usually danced by the audience, including the bride and also the young people. This youth dance, for example morah-morah, parakut, sipajok, plate-plate and kebangkiung often. Dance magic dance tortor nasiaran eg, single tortor panaluan. Magical dance is usually performed with a full kekhusukan.
In addition there are also dances Batak Malay dances like Serampang XII.
Craft
In addition to architecture, weaving an interesting craft of Batak tribe. Examples of this are woven songket cloth and ulos. Ulos a traditional Batak cloth that is used in marriage ceremonies, death, founded the house, art, etc.. Ulos fabric made from cotton yarn or jute. Ulos color is usually black, white, and red that has a specific meaning. Meanwhile, other colors are symbolic of the variation of life.
At any rate Pakpak woven known as topical. Oles base color is usually brown or black and white.
At Karo tribe there is woven known as UIs. UIS is usually a basic color dark blue and red.
At Coastal tribes are known by the name woven songket Barus. Usually the base color of this craft is Dark Red or Yellow Gold.
Typical food
Typical food in Northern Sumatra is very varied, depending on the area. Saksang and pig roast is very familiar to those who carry out the party as well as home cooking.
Suppose such areas Pakpak Dairi, Pelleng is a typical food with a very spicy flavor.
In the land itself is dengke naniarsik Batak which is a fish that digulai without using coconut. For flavor, Batak land is a paradise for food lovers too hot and spicy coconut milk. PASITUAK NATONGGI or money to buy the sweet sap is a very intimate there, illustrate how close Tuak or juice with their lives.
Reference:
Government of North Sumatra Province
Department of Tourism Government of North Sumatra Province
Wikipedia.com